Filozof

Jacques Lacan

Biyografi

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Imaginär–Symbolisch–Reel

The three fundamental registers of subjectivity: the Imaginary (ego-image and identification), the Symbolic (language, law, the Other), and the Real (the unrepresentable excess, trauma).

Spiegelstadium

The developmental threshold at which the child recognizes the image of its whole body in the mirror and the ego is constituted in the imaginary register.

Subjekt

A being structured by language, incomplete and emerging through the division between signifiers under the effect of the symbolic order.

Unbewusstes

A domain 'structured like a language,' operating through relations among signifiers and carrying truth about the subject’s desire.

Begehren

A lack-based motivation arising from the difference between need and demand, one that can never be fully satisfied by any object.

Trieb

A psychoanalytic drive distinct from biological need, not aimed at completion, revolving around the object and governed by the principle of repetition.

Mangel

The ontological void expressing the structural incompleteness of subjectivity and constituting the condition of desire.

Objekt Klein A

Not the object of desire but the cause of desire, as the figure of the lost object, that is, of lack; one of Lacan’s most original concepts.

A form of enjoyment/excessive pleasure that exceeds the ordinary pleasure principle, intertwined with pain, often destructive and 'impossible.' Jouissance belongs to the register of the Real; the symbolic order attempts to limit it, yet it returns in symptoms, trauma, and forms of addiction.

Der Andere

The domain of language, law, and social order; the symbolic place to which the subject’s desire and discourse refer.

Name-des-Vaters

The master signifier representing the incest taboo and symbolic law, enabling the child’s separation from the mother and entry into the symbolic order.

Imaginär

The domain of images, ego-images, and dual relations of identification.

Symbolische Ordnung

The structural network of language, law, kinship, and cultural codes; the field of signifiers that determines the subject’s place, desire, and relationships.

Das Reale

That which can be reduced neither to imaginary representation nor to symbolic naming: the traumatic core and irrepressible excess.

Blick

Separated from the eye’s function of seeing, the gaze is the object of the scopic drive that objectifies the subject and makes it experience itself as seen.

Stimme

The dimension of the voice that is detached from communicated meaning, functions as a partial object, and operates as the object of the drive.

Durchquerung der Phantasie

As the goal of analysis, the subject relinquishes taking its fundamental fantasy as absolute truth and repositions the structure of its desire.

Ethik des Begehrens

The ethical perspective of analysis that aims for the subject to assume responsibility for its own desire and not to renounce it.

Sinthom

Unlike the classical symptom, a knot-like structure that holds the subject together by binding the three orders and must not be resolved but made 'bearable.' In late Lacan, the sinthome is treated especially in psychosis as a creative knot that protects the subject from disintegration.

Subversion des Subjekts

The repositioning of the classical figure of the conscious, rational subject from the perspective of language, the signifier, and the unconscious.